Should we use a defining relative clause or a nondefining relative clause. Worksheets are relative clauses work, 1 of 4 participle phrases as reduced relative clauses, relative clauses work 1, relative clauses, relative clauses part i defining non defining, more practice reducing adverb clauses answer key, extra practice reductions, grammar relative clauses work answer key when. Reduced relative clauses worksheets lesson worksheets. Some exercises and teachers tips to practice the defining clauses and the nondefining clauses alike. We use those to give extra information, which isnt absolutely necessary. We can use exactly the same relative pronouns in defining and non defining relative clauses.
Defining relative clauses exercise 3 make one sentence by changing the sentence in italics into a defining relative clause. The defining relative clause gives us that information. Complete the sentences with relative pronouns or relative adverbs. A defining relative clause usually comes immediately. Relative clauses are complex sentences, and in the ielts examination writing complex sentences plays a very important role, and you also have the knowledge of using these complex sentences in the right places. Relative clauses practice adjective clauses exercise adverbial clauses exercise relative pronouns exercise 1 relative pronouns exercise 2 if vs when exercise pdf exercises. Exercises with answers and grammar rules with examples. Nondefining relative clauses are placed after nouns which are definite already. Object of a verb which or that or no relative at all. In this sentence we understand that there are many dogs in the world, but we are only talking about the ones that like cats. Defining relative clauses exercise 4 make one sentence by changing the sentence in italics into a defining relative clause. They can act as the subject or the object of the relative clause.
The apple which george lay on the table was put back into the basket. If i want to turn these sentences into adjective clauses, i must keep the preposition the woman at whom i am looking is sitting near the ocean the water at which she is looking is blue. To understand the differences between that and which it is necessary to understand what defining restrictive and nondefining nonrestrictive clauses are. Students are asked to join fourteen different sentences by changing the second of each pair into a relative clause.
Relative clauses defining and nondefining that, which types of relative clauses. In the grammar chart below, you can see the main differences between them. Relative clauses defining and nondefining that, which. The pronoun cannot be left out because it is the subject of the relative clause. Heres a list of all the relative clause exercises on the site.
School of english defining and nondefining relative clauses exercise school of english oficines centrals. Relative clauses learnenglish teens british council. Relative clauses nondefining relative clauses grammar. Defining clauses restrictive clauses a defining relative clause tells which noun we are talking about. They are mostly used to define or identify the noun. I am looking at a woman she is looking at the water. It takes lots of practice, so make sure to write down what you learn as you learn online. The boy who won the prize was really happy about it.
Relative clauses pdf quiz relative clauses worksheet relative clauses pdf exercises defining and. Nondefining relative pronouns exercise three things about nondefining relative clauses. That something or someone is the object of the preposition at. Defining relative clauses are composed of a relative pronoun sometimes omitted, a verb, and optional other elements such as. Relative pronouns relative pronouns are the words that introduce relative clauses. When the relative pronoun is an object, it can be omitted e xcept with whose and where.
Exercise 5 complete defining and nondefining relative clauses with that, who or which. Relative clausesrelative pronouns mixed relative pronouns 1 level. These type of clauses give essential information about a thing or person. The relative clause is closed off by commas and is quite similar to information in brackets. The relative pronoun is the subject of the relative clause.
Photocopy pdf from the oxford advanced english file. Relative clauses that give additional information are called defining. The relative pronoun can be the subject or the object of the relative clause. Relative clauses in english exercises advanced level esl. In defining relative clauses, the pronouns who, whom, and which are often replaced by that in spoken english.
The following esl efl resources are available for defining relative clauses grammar. Choose the correct options to complete the sentences. The sentence in italicsshould become the relative clause. Object pronouns can be dropped in defining relative clauses, which are then called contact clauses. Defining relative clauses 1 in pdf here defining relative clauses 2 in pdf here defining relative clauses 3 in pdf here defining relative clauses 4 in pdf here go to the main relative clauses explanation page here. Advanced english grammar relative clauses may 2, 2019. To understand the distinctions between that and which it is necessary to understand defining restrictive and nondefining nonrestrictive clauses learning these distinctions is one technical aspect of grammar that every user of english should understand, because it is at the root of an assortment of grammatical errors.
This is a a worksheet for teaching or revising relative clauses with prepositional verbs at preintermediate level. The punctuation is different for defining and nondefining clauses. Nondefining relative clauses defining relative clauses these describe the preceding noun in such a way to distinguish it from other nouns of the same class. Esl english relative clauses quiz 5 mixed relative. Defining relative clauses we use defining relative clauses to specify which person, thing or place we are talking about. Lets focus on the verb look at we look at something or someone. Combine the sentences using defining relative pronouns. If the defining relative clause were removed from the sentence, the sentence would still be gramatically correct, but its meaning would have changed significantly. Relative clauses defining and nondefining test english.
We dont need a relative pronoun, because the first word in the relative clause. You also cannot leave out the relative pronoun in nondefining relative clauses, in the way you sometimes can in defining relative clauses. Displaying all worksheets related to reduced relative clauses. In nondefining relative clauses, you cannot replace other pronouns with that.
We use commas to separate them from the rest of the sentence, unless they come at the end of the sentence, when we use a comma and a full stop. We can use exactly the same relative pronouns in defining and nondefining relative clauses. Relative clauses are always in the middle of a sentence. The punctuation is different for defining and non defining clauses.
As the name suggests, defining relative clauses give essential information to define or identify the person or thing we are talking about. There are two types of relative clauses, defining and nondefining. Defining and nondefinining relative clauses exercises pdf. Defining and nondefining relative clauses nondefining relative clauses. Defining and nondefining relative clauses who, whom, whose, which, that. Review the rules on relative clauses and youll be able to do this as well. Advanced choose the correct response to complete each relative clauses. That cannot be used and even though there is a pronoun in the relative clause which cannot be left out because in nondefining relative clauses the pronoun can never be left out. This is the picture whichthat caused such a sensation. Fernandez carmona, english grammar with exercises, longman, 2000. A clause of this kind is essential to clear understanding of the noun.
The information is essential in order to understand what or who is being referred to. Comma usage in defining restrictive and nondefining nonrestrictive adjective clauses. When there is a preposition in a relative clause, this usually goes at the end of the sentence. Reducing relative clauses is difficult to understand. Diagonal 26, 1r 1a 0006 arcelona edifici indsor, entre ia augusta i rambla catalunya seu 1 via ugusta 6 s. Nondefining relative clauses are not used in spoken english. Here we need the relative pronoun which, because it is a nondefining relative clause and the first word after the pronoun is a verb. Nondefining relative clauses give us extra information about someone or something. Exercise school of english defining and nondefining. Relative clauses in english use the relative pronouns who, that, which, whose, where, when. The stairs whichthat lead to the cellar are rather slippery.
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